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Gaston and Rene Caudron established airplane factory as
Caudron Freres at Romiotte (Seine) in 1910. Initial flight
of the first of a series of highly successful biplanes (G.I,
II, and III) February 1911. G.lll considered extremely reliable
and used widely as a trainer in the First World War.
Single-seat monoplane trainer
 | | G.3 |
produced in 1912. G.IIIAs
were built for military use in 1914; used extensively by
France, U.K., Belgium, Russia ,and Italy as two-seat reconnaissance/
artillery observation aircraft. Several hundred
built, mostly in France, but also by British Caudron
and in Italy. Series continued with G.IV (1915), several military
variants; also in that year the prototype R.4 three-
seat bomber appeared, very solid and well armed. The R.11 with five Lewis machine guns was
 | | G.4 |
produced a few
months before the Armistice was declared.
The company had moved to Issy-les-Moulineaux (Seine)
by 1919, and postwar products included C 23 (and/or C
232) two-seat biplane, which inaugurated French commercial
air services on February 10, 1919 with flight from
Paris to Brussels; C 61 three-engined six/eight passenger
biplane; three-engined seven-seat development of C
61 ; C 183, a further modernization of two previous aircraft
of which one
 | | R.4 |
only was built, in 1925.
The company, known as Societe Anonyme des Avions
Caudron, ran into financial difficulties and was reorganized
as Societe Caudron-Renault. Next became notable for distinctive
streamlined aircraftfrom its designer Marcel Riffard,
who joined in 1932. His C363 took second place in
1933 Coupe Deutsch race; developed versions took first
three places in 1934 and 1935, first two places in 1936.
Derivatives of these included the Rafale series
 | | C.230 |
of single-
and two-seat sporting/racing aircraft of the late 1930s.
Fifteen C 690Ms built as advanced trainers for the Armee
de I'Air; series ended with the C 720. Followed by the
single-seat C 580 and C 680; C 600 Aiglon series; C
620/C 630 Simoun four-seat cabin monoplane; C 640
Typhon series; the little-known C 670 ground-attack prototype;
and the single-seat C 860, built in 1938 for an
attempt (never made)
 | | C.714 |
on 1936 Paris-Tokyo flight record
established by a Simoun. About 1,700 examples built in
about ten years of C 440 (later AA.1) Goeland, twin-engined
six-passenger transport. Two series of light fighters
developed from Coupe Deutsch racers: following C
710 and C 713 prototypes, four-gun C 714 entered service.
Improved variants CR 760 and 770 under development
when France collapsed. The factories built aircraft
for Germany during the Occupation. Later nationalized as
Ateliers Aeronautiques d'lssyles-Moulineaux; incorporated
into SNCAN in late 1945.
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